Albania introduces fines up to €5,500 for protesters

The Albanian government has adopted a package of measures aimed at curbing violence during protests, with fines reaching up to 500,000 lek (around €5,500) for those who fail to obey police orders to disperse while concealing their identity.

Under the new rules, simply hiding one's face at a protest can draw a fine between 10,000 and 100,000 lek. Exceptions apply when covering the face is justified for health or religious reasons, or for professional duties such as journalism or providing medical help.

Police will also be able to temporarily ban or restrict gatherings near educational, health and state institutions if there is a real, serious and immediate risk of violence or major material damage. Such restrictions can last up to 72 hours and may be extended once.

The measures also address online incitement: police can request the removal of content that calls for violence on social media. If the content is not removed or the offence is repeated, police can take action under existing laws.

To support those affected, the government announced state compensation for small businesses damaged by vandalism, looting or fires during protests. A new electronic register will also track individuals referred to prosecutors or under investigation for violent crimes committed at public gatherings.

The measures came into force immediately and must be confirmed by parliament within 45 days. Protests have been ongoing in Tirana for months, initially against a luxury hotel project in a protected natural area supported by Jared Kushner, son-in-law of US president Donald Trump. In mid-October, the protests expanded to include student demands related to corruption, healthcare problems and a lack of prospects for young people. Prime Minister Edi Rama has blamed "foreign actors" for the violence and accused Russia and Iran of spreading disinformation online, while calling for dialogue.